Key Differences Between Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma

Lung cancer and mesothelioma are two types of cancer that develop inside the chest, ultimately turning into life-threatening conditions. While they have similar symptoms, their spreading and treatment approaches vary. Let’s take a closer look at the key differences between lung cancer and mesothelioma.

 

Location and Tissue of Origin

The first thing you need to consider in lung cancer vs mesothelioma is the location. 

Lung cancer usually grows in larger, individual (one or more) solid tumors inside the chest with defined boundaries. These tumors can quickly spread to other organs, such as the lymph nodes or brain. Lung cancer is the second-most diagnosed cancer in the U.S.

Mesothelioma, on the other hand, develops as small nodules. When tiny, sharp asbestos fibers are inhaled, they get lodged inside the lining of the lungs and cause chronic irritation. Such long-term damage leads to genetic changes in the mesothelial cells, resulting in uncontrolled cell division. Slowly, thick layers of nodules form along the lining and invade nearby tissues.

 

Causes

Lung cancer has multiple causes, such as:

• Smoking (the leading cause)
• Secondhand smoke
• Radon
• Air pollution
• Radiation therapy
• Exposure to asbestos fibers
• Family history
• Previous lung diseases

On the other hand, asbestos is the primary cause of mesothelioma. 

 

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Mesothelioma and lung cancer share symptoms, such as:

• Persistent cough
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Night sweats

The following are mesothelioma-specific symptoms:

• Pain in the ribs or back
• Chest lumps
• Swollen abdomen
• Fluid buildup 

 

Latency Period

Both lung cancer and mesothelioma have long latency periods. Lung cancer can take 10 to 30 years, whereas mesothelioma can take 20 to 60 years to develop after asbestos exposure. Mesothelioma, in particular, is notoriously difficult to diagnose. 

 

Diagnosing Methods

Diagnosing lung cancer and mesothelioma involves similar steps. The process usually begins with a physical exam. A doctor would assess your symptoms and take your family and workplace history. This will help them rule out other respiratory conditions.

The actual diagnosis is made through imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT, or PET scans. However, scans aren’t enough to differentiate between lung cancer and mesothelioma. 

Your doctor would recommend a biopsy to confirm a diagnosis. They may perform a biopsy via:

• Bronchoscopy
• Needle aspiration
• Thoracoscopic surgery

Pleural mesothelioma is the most common type and may present as pleural thickening or an effusion. Keep in mind that pleural thickening may not appear in lung cancer, but both cancers exhibit pleural effusion.

 

Treatment Options

The treatment plan for lung cancer and mesothelioma depends on how the cancer has developed and spread in your body. Common treatment options include:

• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Immunotherapy
• Targeted therapy

If the cancer cannot be further managed, the patient is recommended palliative care. These treatments can help improve their quality of life and relieve symptoms.

 

Compensation Options

As hinted earlier, asbestos exposure is the primary cause of mesothelioma. This is why patients have the legal right to file a claim. They can seek compensation through:

• Personal injury lawsuits
• Trust fund claims
• Veteran disability benefits

Consult a reputable law firm like ELSM Law to determine which claim is best suited for your case. 

On the other hand, lung cancer patients who believe their diagnosis is a result of asbestos exposure might also qualify for compensation.